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Molecular bases for the effect of exercise on postmenopausal bone health
Mocová, Klára ; Škubica, Patrik (advisor) ; Pikner, Richard (referee)
Hormonal changes caused by menopause, most notably the decline in estradiol levels, lead to rapid bone loss, putting a significant percentage of postmenopausal women at serious risk of developing osteoporosis. Postmenopausal osteoporosis influences many aspects of women's health and their overall well-being. Regular physical activity is considered one of the essential means to slow the bone loss process and prevent bone fragility. Many molecules play a role in the reaction of bone to mechanical stress during exercise, both those produced directly by bone cells and those expressed by other tissues, such as myokines and cytokines. The molecular connections between the menopausal changes in bone and the skeletal reaction to exercise are not well-known, especially considering variables like different types of exercise or individual levels of osteoporosis risk. Learning more about these links could help us better understand how exactly exercise influences postmenopausal bones. Moreover, it would be beneficial for creating more effective guidelines for osteoporosis prevention through exercise and developing better prevention and treatment approaches for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Keywords: menopause, bone metabolism, physical activity, exercise, postmenopausal osteoporosis
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Specifics of nutrition in postmenopausal women
Ostárková, Ester ; Maruna, Pavel (advisor) ; Tůmová, Eva (referee)
The diploma thesis studies the specifics of nutrition in postmenopausal women. During this period, women face the decline of female hormones and with postmenopausal symptoms, which significantly affect the quality of women's life. A healthy lifestyle plays a significant role in limiting the effects of symptoms on daily life activities and work as a prevention of diseases typically caused by the aging. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the issue of menopause and physiological changes, clarifies the increased risks of developing diseases during this period, lists their dietary measures and deals with general recommendations for appropriate nutrition for women in menopause, including the issue of phytoestrogens. The main goal of the practical part of the diploma thesis is to evaluate the eating habits of postmenopausal women in comparison with general recommendations and to determine the level of awareness of appropriate nutrition, physical activity, prevention options and a possible higher risk of disease during this period. The metodology used a questionnaire survey, which was supplemented with case studies. The results of the research point to inappropriate eating habits of postmenopausal women as a low consumption of fish, vegetables and whole grain products, and conversely higher...
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